Which ventilator graphics pattern suggests increased airway resistance such as bronchospasm or mucus plugging?

Which ventilator graphics pattern suggests increased airway resistance such as bronchospasm or mucus plugging?

• A. Elevated peak inspiratory pressure with relatively normal plateau pressure and an increased PIP-Pplat gradient; flow-time shows reduced inspiratory flow.
• B. Low peak pressure with elevated plateau pressure.
• C. Both PIP and Pplat are normal.
• D. Decreased PIP-Pplat gradient with rapid inspiratory flow.

Answer: (A)